Differential mechanism.



DAVID'E. BOSS, OF BROOKSTON, INDIANA, ASSIGNOIL T0 Ross GEAR AND Toor'. c0131- PANYQOFLA FAYETTE, INDIANA, A CORPORATION QF INDIANA.

nrrri:amarrar.l MECHANI'SM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 23, 1999.

Application led April 24, 1905. Serial N o. 257,255.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAvID E. Ross, residing at Brookston, in the county of White and State of Indiana, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Differential Mechanism, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyin drawings.

My invention relates to iiferential or compensating mechanism and has for its object the construction of mechanism of this character that shall be simple, easily accessible for purposes of removal or inspection, and that shall employtwo driving members or gears that ai'e at all times 'in engagement with their driven members or gears, instead of employing only one such driving member or geaias is the case with mechanisms of this t '.pe in general use.

A urther object of the invention is to revolve the differential or compensating gears or pinions orbitally by and atthe speedof the power or drive shaft, permitting the employment of gears or pinions of very light construction.

vGenerally speaking, the invention may be defined as consisting of the combinations of.

elements embodied in the claims hereto annexed.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectional View show-r ing my invention;l Fig. 2 represents a. sectional elevation of the rear end of the power or driving shaft; Fig. 3 represents a front elevation of the cage which carries the beveled pinions of the compensating gear; Fig. 4 represents a side elevation of such cage; Fig. 5 represents a vertical sectional view of the same; andFig. (S represents a rear elevation of such cage, showing the beveled pinions in place therein.

` The power or driving shaft '1 extends through the wall of the cap or casing 2. Adjacent to the front wall-of said casingthe said shaft ,is enlarged' at 21 and such enlarged portion is provided at the rear end thereof with a flange 4. vThis Hange, as appears more particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, is provided with a-suitable number of cut-out poi'- tions 5 which receivecorresponding projections 6 ona cage 7. This cage isprovided with an internal .bushing 7a rigidly connected with the interior of the 'cage by the arms S. Said bushing is provided with a circular bore 9, for aV purpose to be hereinafter described, and with threaded o enings 1( for 'the studs 11 on which the eveled pinions 12 are rotatably mounted. The outei ends of the studs 11 are supported by the cage 7, said outer ends extending into recesses 13 therein. The cage may be'cut out at 12.a to accommodate the pinions 12 and permit the rotation of such pinions on their studs. The rear end of the casing 2 is removably secured to the two-part casing 14, 14a,-as by bolts 15. The casing sections 14, 14a are removably secured together as by any desired number of bolts 16. Each of the casing sections 14,14% is provided with a bore, at right angles to the direction of. the shaft 1, forthe reception of the two shaft sections 17 and 18. The shaft sections carry the driven members 19', 20,'said members being shown as beveled gears of different size, the gear 19 on the shaft section 17 being the smaller. The casing sections 14, 14a are provided with bearings 21, 22 respectively for the hubs of the gears 19 and 2O respectively.

The rear4 or inner end of the shaft 1 is provided with a central cylindrical recess 23 in alinement with a similar recess 24 pref- *e1-ably provided in the casing section 14. A shaft- 25 is supported in these recesses, which vform bearings for said'sha'ft. linmediately to the rear of the flange 4, the shaft 25 is provided with a squared section 26- on which is fitted the beveled gear 27. In front of the bearing 24, the shaft is provided with a beveled gear 2S, said gear being rigid with the shaft and preferably integral therewith. Immediately in front of said gear is mounted the two-faced beveled gear 29, said last-'mentioned gear being larger than thegear 28 and being jouinaled on the shaft correspond, in their relation to the beveled pinions l2, to the driven gears or members ordinarily employed with such pinions, having their opposite inclined faces provided with beveled gear teeth with which the said pinions mesh. The bushing 7 a is sleeved on the shaft 25 between the gears 27 and The length of the portion of the shaft between the flange 4 and the gear 2S, the lengths of the gears 27 and 29 and the sleeve or bushing 7a, and the size of the pinions 12 are such that the pinions ai'e maintained in nieshwith the oppositely'arranged teeth 0nt-lie gears 27 and 29. The gear 28 bears the saine proportion to the gearlt) as does the A 4,- cage 7, compensating pinions 12, gear27,.

gear on the outer face of the gear 29 to the gear 20.

'With vthe parts constructed as above described, the operation is as follows Power being applied to the shaft 1, the movementof the same is transmitted through the flange stated, the ratio of the drivingmember 28 to the driven member 19 is the saine as the ratio of tlie=exterior gear on the 'driving member 29 to ther driven member 20,A

resulting in driving both shaft sections .17 anil18 normallyat the same speed. Should the-.resistance offered by one of the shaft sections. be greater than that offered by the' other, the compensating mechanism operates in the usual manner to rotate the section ofof the gears, I provide simple and effective fering the less resistance at the greater rate of speed. f

It Will be observed that, by my construction, access may be easily obtained to the various members of my differential mechanism. By unscrewing the bolts 15, the cap orcasing 2 may be withdrawn and ready access afforded to the cage 7, pinions 12,

shaft 25, and gears thereon. By unscrewing' the bolts 16, the casing sections 14 and 1li-a maybe disconnected, permitting inspection of the members 19 and 20. A

Through the flange 4 and cage 7, the com pensating pinions 12 are carried by -the power or drive shaft and are orbitally revolved at the speed of such shaft, rendering possible the use of very light compensating mechanism. Moreoveig the two driving' members or pinions 28, 29 are always in mesh with their respective driven members, thereby lessening the strain that would be sustained by a singled'riving member or pinion. While I have shown the cage 7 as removably fitted to the shaft 1, through the projections 6 interlocking with the projections-on the flange 1, it is evident that, so far as the idea of revolving the compensating pinions at the speed of the power shaft is concerned, the cage may be integral with said iiange.

As there is necessarily more or less wear means for adjusting said gears to compensate for such wear. The recesses 30 and 31 inthe casing sections 1l, 141Z1 respectively are of sufficient depth to permit the insertion of one or more washers 32, 33 therein between the bodies-of said sections and the adjacent ends of the bearings 21, 22. By removing a washer or washers from beneath the bearing 21 and inserting a washer or washers above the bearing 22, it will be evident. that, by tightening the bolts 16, the

driven gears 19 and 20 will be 'brought into' closer mesh.l with' theidriving gears or pin- ,ions 28, 29. In like manner, an adjustment .The driving gears 27, 28" and I29, the shaft 25, and the cage 7 are very light and cheap of production, enablingA duplicates to be carried. I e.

While my invention is peculiarly adapted to automobiles, it will be evident 'that it is not limited in itsapplicatioiiito any Aone class of devices, tbut is capable Aof general employment wherever it may beV desirable or necessary to use differential mechanism.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent iszj 1. 'I-he combination of a power or drive shaft., driven gears, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said driven gears, driving gears on said intermediatel shaft, and differential mechanism comprising coin- `pensating gears mounted on said intermediate shaft, said conipensatinggears being driven by said power or drive shaft, silbstantially as specified.

2. The combination of a poweror drive shaft, driven gears, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said drivenfg'ears, and diiierential mechanism comprising compensating gears mounted on said intermediateshaft and connected to and driven by `said power or drive shaft, substantially' as specified.`

3. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven gears, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said drivengears, driving gears on said. intermediate shaft, and dierential mechanismcomprisingcompensating gears mounted on said intermediate shaft, said compensating gears being revolved orbitally at vthe saine speed as the power or driving shaft, substantially as specified.

l. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, a casing for said driven members, a shaft intermediate of. said power or drive shaft and saiddriven members, said intermediate 4shaft beingsup- Cil .terinediate shaft and operating said driven members, substantially as specified.

5. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said members and in alinenient with said ower or drive shaft, driving members on said intermediate shaft, a casing for said driven members having a bearing therein for said intermediate shaft, and a cap inclosing said intermediate shaft and removably fitted ,to saidv casing, substantially as specified.

6. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said members and in aliiiement with said power or drive shaft, casing sections for said driven members, `one ofP said sections having a bearing for the intermediate shaft, av cap inclosing said intermediate Vshaftand removably fitted to the casing sections, and connections between said intermediate shaft and said driven members, substantially as specified.

7.'The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, a shaft intermediate of said power or drive shaft and said inembers and in alinement with said power or drive shaft, casing `sections for said driven members, one of said sections having a bearing for the 'intermediate shaft, a cap inclosing the end of Athe power or driveshaftand said intermediate shaft and removably tted to the casing sections, and'connections be tween said A intermediate shaft and said driven members substantially as specified.

S. The combination .of a power or drive shaft, driven members, driving members for said driven members,.a cage removably fitted to the end of the power or drive shaft. and operated bv said shaft. and compensating mechanism carried by said cage and operating said driving members, substantially as specified. A Y

9. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, casing sections inclosing said driven members, driving meinbers for said driven members, a cage operated by said 'power or dri.ve shaft, compensating mechanism carried b v said cage and operating said driving members. and a cap or casing section removably fitted to the end of the drive shaft and removably connected to the casing section, substantially as specied. A

10. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven gears, a shaft intermediate .said power.or drive shaft, and said driven gears, compensating mechanism driven by said power or drive shaft, and driving gears for said drivenl gears, one of said driving gears being operated by the intermediate shaft and said compensating mechanism operating said intermediate shaft and the other driving gear, substantially as specified. 1l. The combination of a power or drive ing operated by said shaft, and compensatf ing mechanism operated by the power or and operating said intermediate drive shaft shaft and the drivingr gear loose thereon, substantially as specified. Y 12. The combination of a power orndrive shaft, a pair of driven gears, a shaft intermediate of said power or drive shaft and said driven gears, said intermediate shaft having adjacent one end a gear for rotating the same, driving gears for said driven gears, one of said driving gears being operated by said intermediate driving gear being loose thereon, compensating gears planetarily mounted on said shaft and operated by said power or drive shaft, said compensating gears meshingwith the driving gear loose Von said shaft and with the gear .which operates said shaft, substantially as specified. f i 13. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, a shaft intermediate said powerkor drive shaft and said driven vmembers and in. alinement with said power or drive shaft, driving' members for said driven members, one of said driving members being mounted on the intermediate shaft adjacent the driven members and. rotatable therewith, the other driving member being loosely mounted on said intermediate shaft and between the other driving member and the power or drive shaft. a gear mounted on the intermediate shaft adjacent the power or drive shaft for rotating said intermediate shaft, orbital gears mounted on said .intermediate shaft between tlie last-mentioned gears and revolving with said power or drive shaft, substantially as specified.

14. The combination of a power or drive shaft, a pair of driven gears, a shaft intermediate said power or drive shaft and said driven gears, said intermediate shaft having one end rotatably and axially supported by the adjacent end of the power or drive shaft. means for supporting the other end of said, intermediate shaft adjacent gears, a pair of driving gears, one of said driving gearsl being mounted on said intermediate shaft adjacent tlie driven gears and rotatable with said shaft and the other driving` gear being loosely mounted on said shaft and between the other driving/gear and the' power or drive shaft, a gear mounted on the intermediate shaftad'picent the po'iver or drive shaft for rotating said. intermediatev shaft, and compensating gears mounted on,Y

said intermediate shaft betweentlie two lastinentioned gears and orbitally revolving with said power or drive shaft, substantially as specified. y

shaft and the other v said driven 15. The combination of a power or-drive shaft having at one end thereof a-n axially arranged cylindrical bearing, driven members, a .casing for said driven members hav-J ing a bearing therein -in alinement with the bearing in ytl i,e .end of the power or drive shaft, an intermediate shaft supported by said bearings,"driving members on said intermediateshaft for operating said driven members, and compensating. gears operated by-said poi'ver'or drive shaft and planetarily mounted om said intermediate shaft for operating said' driving members, substantially as'speciie'd 1G.. The c 'mbination 0f a power or drive shaft., driven ,.geai's, a shaft-intermediate said p'o'wer oi' drive shaft and said driven gears having one. end removably and rotatably 'supported byjiand axially of said power or drive .shaft and the other end removably supported adjacent said driven gears, said power or driveshaft being provided withan enlarged flange or end, a cage removably fitted to such enlarged end -or flange and sleeve .on said intermediate shaft, compen` sating gears within said cage, and-"driving gears yon said intermediate shaft for 0perat driven gears, substantially as speciing said fied. y 17; I ii`.a differential mechanism, the combination 'of drivingmembers, driven members operated by said driving members, coinpensat-ing gears operating said driving mem-A bers, and means for adjusting said members to compensate for the wear thereof, substantially as s Jeciiied.

18. In a di erential mechanism, .the com-` bination of a power or drive shaft, driven gears, a shaft intermediate said power-or drivel shaft and said driven gears, driving geai's'for said driven gears `mounted on said shaft, compensating gears on said shaft, and

means for adjustin driving gears relatively to each other, .substantially as s ie'cified.

' v19. In a di lerential mechanism, the combination of a pair of casing sections each .provided with a recess therein, a bearing sleeve in each of saidrecesses, a space being provided between the end of each sleeve and the ycasing section for the reception of washers, driven gears within the said casing sections, said gears being each provided with a hub fitting in a bearing sleeve, drivin gears meshing with said driven gears, an means for securing .said casing sections tolgether, substantially as specified.

. 20. In a differential mechanism, the coinbination of apower sha-ft having an enlarged .driving end, a pair of driven niem- .tially as specified. l

91. The combination of a poweror drive shaft, driven members, driving members for said compensating andA bers, a casing for said members, a shaft intermediate said power shaft and said driven members, driving gears on said shaft, a cage carriedby tlielenlarged end of said power shaft and. mounted on said intermediate shaft, compensating gears carried by said cage and in mesh with one of said driving gears, a bearing sleeve vsurrounding the power shaft"in 'front of the'enlarged end thereof, a casinginclosing the bearing sleeve, a washer space' being `provided between the end of such sleeve and the casing, and means for adjustably securing the'last-inentioned casing.l tothe driven gear casing, substansaid driven members, a cage removably fitted to the power or drive`shaft and operated thereby, compensating mechanism carried by said cage and operating said driving meinbers, and a casing inclosing said driving and driven members and thecompensating mechanism, substantially as specified.

22.. The combination of a power or drive shaft, driven members, driving vmembers for said drivenomembers, a cage removably fitted to the end of the power` or drive shaft and operated bysaid shaft, compensating mechanism carried by said cage and operating said driving members, a casing for said driven members, and a cap removably fitted to said casing, 'said cap having a bearing for the power or drive shaft. r

23. The combination of a pair of driven members, said members nestingv onewitliiii the other, each member being provided with asf" a driving 'surface near its outer periphery, A

. both of said driving surfaces upon the memspeed of said shaf Y `In testimony whereof I afix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

DAVID n.' Ross".

Witnesses Soo'r'i` NELSON, LYNN H. BORDNER.

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